Ativan (lorazepam) is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizures. It works by enhancing the effects of GABA, a calming neurotransmitter in the brain, providing sedative and anti-anxiety benefits. Ativan is often prescribed for short-term use due to its potential for dependency and withdrawal symptoms. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, and fatigue. It is essential to take Ativan under medical supervision to avoid the risks associated with prolonged use, such as tolerance and addiction.